Un poco de la teoría de Friedman...

El monetarismo, creado por Friedman, tiene dos principios básicos:
- La oferta de dinero es el único factor sistemático determinante del nivel de gasto y de la actividad económica.
- Para asegurar la estabilidad de precios el banco central debe establecer un índice de crecimiento de la oferta de dinero a una tasa aproximadamente igual al crecimiento real de la economía.

De esta forma Friedman muestra su aversión a cualquier intrusión del Estado en el mercado y por ende al respeto de la libertad individual y de la libre empresa. Para alcanzar estos objetivos se requeriría de cuatro elementos principales:

1. Reforma del sistema monetario y bancario para eliminar la creación y destrucción privada del dinero (reserva bancaria del 100%).
2. Determinación del volumen del gasto gubernamental basados en la disposición de la comunidad por pagar los servicios públicos.
3. Determinar con exactitud las condiciones y las cantidades destinadas a asistencia social o transferencias directas.
4. Sistema progresivo de impuestos basados en los ingresos individuales.

the year...1929

From 1921 to 1929, the Dow Jones rocketed from 60 to 400! Millionaires were created instantly. Soon stock market trading became America’s favorite pastime as investors jockeyed to make a quick killing. Investors mortgaged their homes, and foolishly invested their life savings in hot stocks, such as Ford and RCA. To the average investor, stocks were a sure thing. Few people actually studied the fundamentals of the companies they invested in. Thousands of fraudulent companies were formed to hoodwink unsavvy investors. Most investors never even thought a crash was possible. To them, the stock market “always went up”.

In 1933, in the wake of the 1929 stock market crash and during a nationwide commercial bank failure and the Great Depression, two members of Congress put their names on what is known today as the Glass-Steagall Act (GSA). This act separated investment and commercial banking activities. At the time, "improper banking activity", or what was considered overzealous commercial bank involvement in stock market investment, was deemed the main culprit of the financial crash. According to that reasoning, commercial banks took on too much risk with depositors' money. Additional and sometimes non-related explanations for the Great Depression evolved over the years, and many questioned whether the GSA hindered the establishment of financial services firms that can equally compete against each other. We will take a look at why the GSA was established and what led to its final repeal in 1999.